You first have to determine whether or not the car came with A/C from the factory. Look for code "HAA" on the body plate under the hood. Also look for an expansion valve on the passenger side of the firewall. How about a condenser in front of the radiator? Two-prong plug harness for the low-side shutoff (near the expansion valve)? Four-stud compressor/alternator mounting bracket? Do you have these? If not, the job would probably be far too daunting (and expensive) to proceed.
If you're dealing with an A/C car, then yes, any 1980s-style A590/C171 compressor will work. You will have to play around with getting suction and discharge lines that properly fit, but you can use lines from other vehicles. Most aftermarket lines will use green HNBR O-rings to seal at the compressor in lieu of the factory aluminum 'N' gaskets.
There are many considerations in mocking up a system, so don't think it would be 100% plug-and-play. With a factory A/C car, however, it's 100% do-able. A few years ago I replaced the system in my old K-car wagon, for which many parts were obsolete. I used G-body lines. They were a tad long, but worked fine.